Talking-machine.



, M. B. GLAUS SE'N. TALKING MAGHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JANA, 1912. RENEWED JULY 14, 1913.

1,0 4,573, I Patented Jan. "13,19 14.

UNITED sr Es PATENT 0mm MATTHEW B. OLAUS SEN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIG-NOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE MASTEBP TONE CORPORATION, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

TALKING -MACHINE.

Biipificat-ion of ,ietters Patent.

Patented Jan. 13, 1914.

Application filed January 9, 1912, Serial No. 670,146. Renewed July 14, 1913. Serial No. 779,004.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, MA'rrHnw B. CLAUS- sn'N, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at New York city, county of New York, State of New York, have invented. certain new and useful Improvements in Talking-Machines, of whichthe following is a specification.

My invention relates to talking or, sound reproducing machines in which a stylus travels in a groove in a tablet or cylinder having variations of surface corresponding to sound waves. It is well known that in apparatus of this kind heretofore in use the loudness of reproduction may be increased by increasing the stiffness of the reproducing stylus, as by making said stylus of greater cross section, but this results in a. disadvantage in that the reproduction is then 20 less clear and faithful. On the other hand it is recognizedthat the clearness, delicacy and faithfulness of the" reproduction may be enhanced by making the reproducing'stylus light, as by reducing its cross section,but

this reduces the volume of sound. '7 I I have discovered an improvement which ma 1 forins of talking machine by which both the volume and clearness, or faithfulness, of the sound reproduction, are markedlyincreased and improved.

Briefly stated, my invention in its simplest form comprises the rigid attachment of a disk of convenient form to the standard form of reproducing stylus or needle.

The best form of apparatus at present known to me embodyingmy invention and sundry modifications thereof are illustrated 'in the accompanying sheet of drawing in which,

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a portion of a talking machine showing the reproducer with my invention attached. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the simplest form of disk attachment constituting the novel element of my invention. modification. Fig. 4. is a vertical central section on line 4-4 of Fig. 3 showing also the reproducer stylus or needle in position.

Fig. 5 is a similar view with a different kind of stylus, and Fig. 6 is a similar view of amodification.

.Throughout the drawings like reference characters indicate like parts.

1 is the ordinary reproducing stylus or be applied to any of the standard Fig. 3 is a similar view of a needle which, in the familiar form of talkmg machine employing a fiat record tablet with sinuous groove of even depth therein, is usually a short steel needle set in arm 2, which is pivoted on sound box 3, and has its other end connected to diaphragm 4 in said sound box. This and the other portions of apparatus shown or indicated in Fig. 1 are of standard form. To the stylus or needle 1 I rigidly attach a disk 5 so arranged as to be supported clear of the record tablet 6. This rigidity of connection between. stylus and disk is important and may be heightened by making the disk thicker at the point where the stylus passes through it. Thus as shown in Figs. 3, 4. and 5, the disk may be formed with an inclined hub 7 through the fine perforation 8 in which the stylus may be forced under pressure so as to effect a rigid connection between the two. Again, as shownin Fig. 6,a disk 9'may be made integral with a stylus, 10. In such latter. case the disk and stylus may be made of steel or other metal, or they may be formed of any non-metallic materials which are of suflicient elasticity to receive and reproduce sound vibrations, such as celluloid, guttapercha,

papiermach, etc. When a stylus made of disk may be cast or moldedon the needle or stylus while in a plastic condition and forced into intimate contact therewith by pressure. When a plain disk is used such as is shown in Fig. 2, any material sufliciently elastic to receive and give out sound vibrations may be used., The resultof the attachment of these disks to the stylus of any sound reproducing machine is a very great increase in the clearness, accuracy, and delicacy of the sound reproduction. If the record is a musical one, the. accompaniment, which is often practically indistinguishable when my invention. is not used, comes out clearly when my improvement is employed. If the record con- "tains a concerted piece, every instrument and voice can be distinguished by the ear, and talking records are reproduced with perfect articulation and every inflection exact. All this is accomplished not only without reducing the volume of; reproduced sound, but with a marked increase of such volume, so that with even a cheap machine a reproduc- I tion is attained of volume almost if not quite equal to that of the original sounds from which the records were made.

In Fig. 5 I have indicated a stylus 11, provided with a rounded point such as may be made of a jewel or refractory mineral. My invention lends itself to use with this type of stylus with equal facility.

While I .have shown round disks as most convenient in form, sheets of other shapes, square, oval, rectangular or polygonal could be used. The portion of the disk or sheet through which the stylus passes may be thickened in other manners thanbytthe hub 7 which I have illustrated as one form of such thickening. It should also be-understood that by the expression stylus, I may include not only the needle pointed extension 1, but also the Vibrating arm or lever 2 in which such needle 1 is mounted, the whole structure vibrating-in. unison durin sound reproduction, and transmitting .sai vibration to diaphragm 4. v

While various explanations may be given of the improved results obtained by my invention, my present belief is that they are mainly due to the fact that the disk 5 is really a supplemental diaphragm which, be ing fastened to the stylus near-its point,

vibrates with every slightest movement imparted' from the record and sofaithfully reproduces all the,overtones and finer vibrations which otherwise might be lost or blurred in transmission through the heavier sound box 3. The result is that the sum of all the vibrations heard by the listener is clarified, enriched and increasedby the action of my improvement. Again, it may be that in the operation-of an ordinary machine certain false vibrations may be created in the sound box itself which are not created in the free disk carried near the point of the stylus, and thusthe relative proportion of such false vibrationsand metallic tones produced thereby is reduced with resp ct to the entire volume of tone produced, and so the general accuracy of the total resulting reproduction is increased.

While the advan'ta as above described result from the use 0 any disk or sheet of hard elastic material, the bestresult-s so far as I am at present informed result from the use of disks of white celluloid'a; orr-ivory,

of about two inches in diameter and an average thickness of approximately one thirty-second of an inch, although, for many sound records, disks from one to two hundredths Qfan inch in thickness give the best results. v

The main'advantage of my invention resides in the fact that it amplifies the volume of reproduced sounds and also makes the reproduction more clear and accurate by reroducmg certain vlbrations not taken up y the main 'phragm and reproducing stylus d diaphragm. The sound box diaphragm, being located in plane at rightangles to the plane of the record, responds only to the'lateral vibrations of the stylus. There are, however, certain vibrations given to the stylus 1n planes perpendicular to the plane of the record tablet, as it is dragged along the'sound record groove, although the lateral vibrations are the principal The disk, or other thin sheet of material capable of having sound vibration impressed upon it, which is located in a plane parallel to that of the record, in my invention, and is carried by the stylus as close to the point thereof as possible, is capable of taking up and reproducing any such perpendicular vibrations given to the stylus. Thus all the vibrations inboth direct' us are taken up and all tones are faithfully reproduced.

Having, therefore, described my invention, I claim:

1. The combination with a talking ma chine having the usual sound box, diaphragm and reproducing stylus connected. thereto, of a freely vibrating thin, sound amplifying disk mounted directly on the reproducing stylus. 7

2i The combination with a tal chine the usual sound b:

phr'agm and reproducing stylus connected thereto, of a freely vibrating thin, scuu-zl. amplifying disk mounteddirectly on the reproducing stylus and rigidly connected thereto.

' 3. The combination with a talking machine having the usual sound box, dia phragm and reproducing stylus connected thereto of a freely vibrating thin, sound amplifying disk of non-metallic material mounted directly on the reproducing stylus.

lfThe combination. with a talking machine having the usual sound box, diaphragm and reproducing stylus connected thereto, of a freely vibrating thin, sound anr plifying disk of non-metallic material mounted directly on the reproducing stylus and rigidly connected thereto.

5. The combination with a talking ma chine hav ng the usual sound box, d1.

phragm and reproducing stylus connected thereto, of a disk of celluloid mounted directly on the reproducing stylus.

6. The combination with talking umchine having the usual sound box, diaphragm and reproducing stylus connected thereto, of a disk of celluloid mounted di" rectly on the reproducing stylus-and rigidly connected thereto.

7. The combination with a talking? ma chine having the usual sound but.

l'it

' mounted on, the stylus near the point thereof. y

8.- The combination with, a talking machine having the usual sound box, diaphragm and reproducin thereto, of a disk of co uloid mounted directly on the reproducing stylus, said disk having a, thickened portion at or near the center through which .the stylus passes.

. 9. Thecombinatidn with a"talking machine having the usual sound box, diaphragm and reproducing stylus connected thereto, of a disk mounted directly'on the reproducing stylus, said disk, having a thickened portion at or near the center through which the stylus passes.

10. The combination with a talking machine having the usual sound box, diaphragm and reproducing stylus connected thereto of a disk of non-metallic material mounted directly on the reproducing stylus,

said disk having a thickened portion at or -nea r the center through which the stylus passes.

11; In a talking machine having a stylus inclined to the plane of the record surface, a freely vibrating, thin sound ampliiiyin'g disk rigidly attached to the stylus andso arranged as to clear the record when the stylus is in proper operative position;

12.'In a talking machine having a stylus inclined to the plane of the record surface,

, a freel vibrating, thin sound amplifying disk 0 non-metallic material rigidly attached to the stylus and so arranged as to clear the record when the stylus is in proper operative position.

13. A reproducing stylus for use in talking machines having a disk of celluloid rigidly attached and so arranged as to clear the record when the stylus is in proper operative position.

14. A reproducing stylus for use in talking machines having a disk rigidly attached and so arranged as to clear the record when the-'5 ylus is in proper operative position, said disk having a thickened portion at or near the center through which the stylus passes.

15. In a talking machine the combination of a reproducing stylus and a sound reproducing and amplifying disk rigidly mountstylus connecteded thereon, said disk being free from contact with any other portion of thetalking machine.

. :16. In a talkingmachine the combination of areproducing stylus and asound reproducing and amplifying disk of non-metallic material mounted thereon and rigidly atmounted on said stylus and free from, contact with any other portion of the machine, thesuperficial area of said thin body of material being many times the cross section of the stylus.

19. In a reproducer for talking machines, the combination with the usual stylus and sound box containing a diaphragm located in a plane at right angles to the plane of thesound record designed to cooperate with 'said'sound box, of a thin "sheetof material capable of having sound vibrations imparted to it, attached to the stylus and supported thereby at the center only, so as to leave its edges tree to vibrate, and located in a plane parallel to that of the sound record.

20. In a reproducer for talklng machines, the combination with the usual stylus and sound box containing a diaphragm located in a plane at right angles to the plane of the sound record designed to coiiperate with said sound box, of a thin sheetof material capable of having'sound vibrations imparted to it, attached to the stylus and supported thereby solely at the center so as to leaveits edges free to vibrate, and located in a 'plane at right angles to'the plane of the sound box diaphragm.

MA TIHlilVV B. CLAUSSEN. Witnesses:

V A. PARKER-SMITH, M. G. Cnawrono.

copies 0! thin potent may be obtained for five cents each, by sddressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G. 

